Image format

GIF

Indexed-colour images and simple frame animation. GIF uses LZW compression and palette-index transparency.

Explore the format

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Marked paths may need steps such as flattening, rasterization, tone mapping or animation loss.

Convert to GIF

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Marked paths may need steps such as flattening, rasterization, tone mapping or animation loss.

About GIF

Graphics Interchange Format

CompuServe created GIF for exchanging raster graphics across systems. Images refer to colour-table entries instead of storing full RGB values at every pixel. A table contains at most 256 colours; individual frames can have different tables. This suits diagrams and small animations more readily than continuous-tone photographs.

LZW stores the indexed data losslessly. Converting full-colour artwork to that palette can still lose information or add dithering. GIF89a adds control blocks for frame delay, disposal and a transparent palette index. Transparency is binary: GIF cannot express a partly transparent edge with an alpha channel.

Use GIF for simple animated illustrations or legacy workflows that expect GIF. Inspect disposal and timing when processing multiple frames. A still export can retain one rendered frame but cannot reproduce movement, and modern alpha-capable formats are more suitable for smooth translucent artwork.

Key capabilities

Compression
Lossless
Transparency
Yes
Animation
Yes
Extensions
.gif
MIME type
image/gif
Metadata
Comments, Application extensions
Best for
Simple palette animations
Colour depth
Up to 256 colours/table

LZW compression is lossless for the stored palette indices. Colour reduction before encoding is not lossless for an arbitrary RGB source.

History of GIF

GIF’s version names and Compuserve’s programming reference document the move from image interchange to controlled image sequences.

  1. 1987

    GIF87a

    The original GIF version establishes colour tables and LZW-coded raster blocks for exchanging graphics.

  2. 1989

    GIF89a

    The 89a revision adds graphic-control, comment, plain-text and application extensions. Graphic control includes delay and transparency for image sequences.

  3. 1990

    Programming reference

    The mirrored CompuServe reference is dated 31 July 1990. It defines the stream grammar and decoder responsibilities, rather than prescribing a particular paint application.

  4. 1991

    Decoder transition

    An accompanying clarification asks encoders to defer use of deferred clear codes until at least January 1991 so existing decoders can be updated. It records a concrete compatibility issue in GIF’s evolution.

GIF compared

Different formats, different trade-offs. Choose for the image and the workflow.

WebP

GIF vs WebP

WebP combines lossy or lossless 8-bit image coding with alpha and animation. It is a web delivery option when those features matter; high-precision samples and editable source structures need another working format.

PNG

GIF vs PNG

PNG preserves decoded pixels losslessly and can carry alpha. It is useful for transparent graphics and screenshots; it does not preserve editable document layers or camera sensor data, and photographic files can be large.

AVIF

GIF vs AVIF

AVIF uses AV1 coding and supports alpha, image sequences and higher bit depths for HDR workflows. It is worth evaluating for final delivery; codec settings and the receiving application determine whether its additional features survive.

JPEG

GIF vs JPEG

JPEG makes a compact photographic delivery file, but ordinary JPEG discards detail and has no alpha. Keep the richer source for editing and use JPEG when the receiving workflow expects an opaque photo.

GIF FAQ

What does this format store?

CompuServe created GIF for exchanging raster graphics across systems. Images refer to colour-table entries instead of storing full RGB values at every pixel. A table contains at most 256 colours; individual frames can have different tables. This suits diagrams and small animations more readily than continuous-tone photographs.

How does compression affect quality?

LZW compression is lossless for the stored palette indices. Colour reduction before encoding is not lossless for an arbitrary RGB source.

Why do transparent GIF edges look jagged?

A GIF pixel is either transparent or one palette colour. There is no fractional alpha for blending an edge with an unknown background; choose an alpha-capable format for that requirement.

What should I check before opening the file?

Check animation playback, loop extensions and frame disposal. A viewer that displays the first frame is not necessarily processing the complete animation.

What changes when I export to another format?

A still target requires selecting and compositing a frame. Animated targets need timing and disposal preserved. Converting to RGB cannot recover colours lost during palette reduction.

When is this format useful?

Use GIF for simple animated illustrations or legacy workflows that expect GIF. Inspect disposal and timing when processing multiple frames. A still export can retain one rendered frame but cannot reproduce movement, and modern alpha-capable formats are more suitable for smooth translucent artwork.

Sources